Man Booker Prize
| Man Booker Prize | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Awarded for | Best full-length English novel |
| Presented by | Man Group |
| Location | Commonwealth of Nations, Ireland, or Zimbabwe |
| First awarded | 1968 |
| Official website | http://www.themanbookerprize.com/ |
The Man Booker Prize for Fiction is a literary prize awarded each year for the best original full-length novel, written in the English language, by a citizen of the Commonwealth of Nations, Ireland, or Zimbabwe.[1] The winner of the Man Booker Prize is generally assured of international renown and success; therefore, the prize is of great significance for the book trade.[2] It is also a mark of distinction for authors to be nominated for the Man Booker longlist or selected for inclusion in the shortlist.
Contents |
History and administration
The prize was originally known as the Booker-McConnell Prize, after the company Booker-McConnell began sponsoring the event in 1968; it became commonly known as the "Booker Prize" or simply "the Booker." When administration of the prize was transferred to the Booker Prize Foundation in 2002, the title sponsor became the investment company Man Group, which opted to retain "Booker" as part of the official title of the prize. The foundation is an independent registered charity funded by the entire profits of Booker Prize Trading Ltd., of which it is the sole shareholder.[3] The prize money awarded with the Booker Prize was originally £21,000, and was subsequently raised to £50,000 in 2002 under the sponsorship of the Man Group.
The rules of the Booker changed in 1971; previously, it had been awarded retrospectively to books published prior to the year in which the award was given. In 1971 the year of eligibility was changed to the same as the year of the award; in effect, this meant that books published in 1970 were not considered for the Booker in either year. The Booker Prize Foundation announced in January 2010 the creation of a special award called the "Lost Man Booker Prize," with the winner chosen from a longlist of 22 novels published in 1970. [4] The shortlist for the Lost Man Booker Prize was announced on 25 March 2010,[5] and the winner was named as J. G. Farrell for Troubles on 19 May 2010.
2001 was the first year in which the longlist was revealed to the general public.[6]
Judging
The selection process for the winner of the prize commences with the formation of an advisory committee which includes an author, two publishers, a literary agent, a bookseller, a librarian, and a chairperson appointed by the Booker Prize Foundation. The advisory committee then selects the judging panel, the membership of which changes each year, although on rare occasions a judge may be selected a second time. Judges are selected from amongst leading literary critics, writers, academics and notable public figures.
The winner is usually announced at a ceremony in London's Guildhall, usually in early October.
Winners
In 1993, the Booker of Bookers Prize was awarded to Salman Rushdie for Midnight's Children (the 1981 winner), as the best novel to win the award in the first 25 years of its existence. A similar prize known as The Best of the Booker was awarded in 2008 to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the prize - this was also won by Midnight's Children.[7][8] The 2009 recipient of the Man Booker Prize was English author Hilary Mantel, for her novel Wolf Hall.[9]
| Year | Author | Title | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1969 | P. H. Newby | Something to Answer For |  United Kingdom |
| 1970 | Bernice Rubens | The Elected Member | United Kingdom |
| 1970[a] | J. G. Farrell | Troubles | United Kingdom |
| 1971 | V. S. Naipaul | In a Free State | United Kingdom Trinidad and Tobago |
| 1972 | John Berger | G. | United Kingdom |
| 1973 | J. G. Farrell | The Siege of Krishnapur | United Kingdom |
| 1974 | Nadine Gordimer | The Conservationist |  South Africa |
| Stanley Middleton | Holiday | United Kingdom |
|
| 1975 | Ruth Prawer Jhabvala | Heat and Dust | United Kingdom West Germany |
| 1976 | David Storey | Saville | United Kingdom |
| 1977 | Paul Scott | Staying On | United Kingdom |
| 1978 | Iris Murdoch | The Sea, the Sea | United Kingdom Ireland |
| 1979 | Penelope Fitzgerald | Offshore | United Kingdom |
| 1980 | William Golding | Rites of Passage | United Kingdom |
| 1981 | Salman Rushdie | Midnight's Children | United Kingdom India |
| 1982 | Thomas Keneally | Schindler's Ark |  Australia |
| 1983 | J. M. Coetzee | Life & Times of Michael K | South Africa |
| 1984 | Anita Brookner | Hotel du Lac | United Kingdom |
| 1985 | Keri Hulme | The Bone People |  New Zealand |
| 1986 | Kingsley Amis | The Old Devils | United Kingdom |
| 1987 | Penelope Lively | Moon Tiger | United Kingdom |
| 1988 | Peter Carey | Oscar and Lucinda | Australia |
| 1989 | Kazuo Ishiguro | The Remains of the Day | United Kingdom Japan |
| 1990 | A. S. Byatt | Possession: A Romance | United Kingdom |
| 1991 | Ben Okri | The Famished Road |  Nigeria |
| 1992 | Michael Ondaatje | The English Patient |  Canada Sri Lanka |
| Barry Unsworth | Sacred Hunger | United Kingdom |
|
| 1993 | Roddy Doyle | Paddy Clarke Ha Ha Ha | Ireland |
| 1994 | James Kelman | How Late It Was, How Late | United Kingdom |
| 1995 | Pat Barker | The Ghost Road | United Kingdom |
| 1996 | Graham Swift | Last Orders | United Kingdom |
| 1997 | Arundhati Roy | The God of Small Things | India |
| 1998 | Ian McEwan | Amsterdam | United Kingdom |
| 1999 | J. M. Coetzee | Disgrace |  South Africa |
| 2000 | Margaret Atwood | The Blind Assassin | Canada |
| 2001 | Peter Carey | True History of the Kelly Gang | Australia |
| 2002 | Yann Martel | Life of Pi | Canada |
| 2003 | DBC Pierre | Vernon God Little | Australia Mexico |
| 2004 | Alan Hollinghurst | The Line of Beauty | United Kingdom |
| 2005 | John Banville | The Sea | Ireland |
| 2006 | Kiran Desai | The Inheritance of Loss | India |
| 2007 | Anne Enright | The Gathering | Ireland |
| 2008 | Aravind Adiga | The White Tiger | India |
| 2009 | Hilary Mantel | Wolf Hall | United Kingdom |
a. ^ In 1971, the nature of the Prize was changed so that it was awarded to novels published in that year instead of in the previous year; therefore, no novel published in 1970 could win the Booker Prize. This was rectified in 2010 by the awarding of the "Lost Man Booker Prize" to J. G. Farrell's Troubles.[10]
Facts and statistics
- Each publisher's imprint may submit two titles. In addition, previous winners of the prize and those who have been shortlisted in the previous five years are automatically considered. Books may also be called in: publishers can make written representations to the judges to consider titles in addition to those already entered. In the 21st century the average number of books considered by the judges has been approximately 130.
- The list of books making the longlist was first released in 2001. In 2003 there were 23 books on the longlist, in 2002 there were 20 and in 2001 there were 24.
- For the first 35 years of the Booker, there were only five years when fewer than six books were on the shortlist, and two years (1980 and 1981) when there were seven on the shortlist.
- As of (2003):
- Over the first 35 years there were a total of 201 novels from 135 authors on the shortlists.
- Of the 97 novelists nominated once, there were 13 winners and three joint winners.
- Of the 19 novelists nominated twice, there were seven winners.
- Of the 11 novelists nominated three times, there were four winners, one joint winner and two two-time winners Peter Carey and J. M. Coetzee.
- Of the five four-time nominees, all but one have won once. They are Kazuo Ishiguro, Salman Rushdie, Thomas Keneally, Penelope Fitzgerald and William Trevor (never won).
- There have been three five-time nominees: Margaret Atwood (first nominated in 1986 and won in 2000), Beryl Bainbridge (nominated twice in the 1970s and three times in the 1990s, but she has never won), and Ian McEwan (first nominated in 1981 and won in 1998).
- There has been only one six-time nominee, Iris Murdoch, who won on her fourth nomination in 1978 and was nominated twice more in the 1980s.
- Including authors with dual citizenship, the United Kingdom has the most winners of the prize at 25. Second is Australia with six winners (counting both Coetzee[11] and Carey twice); Ireland and India each have four winners.
- Four authors who have won the Booker have also been awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature: V. S. Naipaul (won the Booker in 1971, and the Nobel in 2001), Nadine Gordimer (won the Booker in 1974, the Nobel in 1991), William Golding (won the Booker in 1980, the Nobel in 1983), and J. M. Coetzee (won the Booker in 1983 and 1999, and the Nobel in 2003).
Related awards
A separate prize for which any living author in the world may qualify, the Man Booker International Prize, was inaugurated in 2005 and is awarded biennially. A Russian version of the Booker Prize was created in 1992 called the Booker-Open Russia Literary Prize, also known as the Russian Booker Prize. In 2007, Man Group Plc and the Hong Kong Literary Festival Ltd established the Man Asian Literary Prize, an annual literary award given to the best novel by an Asian writer, either written in English or translated into English, and published in the previous calendar year.
Cheltenham Booker Prize
As part of the Times' Literature Festival in Cheltenham, a 'Booker' event is held on the last Saturday. Four guest speakers/judges debate a 'shortlist' of four books from a given year from before the introduction of the Booker prize, and a winner is chosen. Unlike the real Man Booker, foreign authors are allowed. In 2008, the winner for 1948 was Alan Paton's 'Cry, the Beloved Country,' beating Norman Mailer's 'The Naked and the Dead,' Graham Greene's 'The Heart of the Matter' and Evelyn Waugh's 'The Loved One'.
See also
- The Commonwealth Writers Prize
- The National Book Award
- The Prix Goncourt
- The Costa Book Awards
- The Governor General's Award
- The Scotiabank Giller Prize
- The Miles Franklin Award
- Russian Booker Prize
- List of British literary awards
- List of literary awards
References
- ↑ Booker Prize: rules Retrieved 3 September 2009
- ↑ The Booker's Big Bang, New Statesman, 9 October 2008 Retrieved 3 September 2009
- ↑ Booker Prize: legal information Retrieved 3 September 2009
- ↑ The Lost Man Booker Prize announced Retrieved 31 January 2010
- ↑ "Lost Man Booker Prize shortlist announced"
- ↑ Yates, Emma. Booker Prize longlist announced for first time. The Guardian. 15 August 2001.
- ↑ Best of the Booker, The Guardian, 21 February 2008 Retrieved 3 September 2009
- ↑ Rushdie wins Best of Booker prize, BBC News, 10 July 2008 Retrieved 3 September 2009
- ↑ Booker prize goes to Hilary Mantel for Wolf Hall Retrieved 6 September 2009
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ Coetzee was born and raised in South Africa and won both of his Bookers prior to his emigration to Australia in 2003.
Further reading
- Lee, Hermione (1981) The Booker Prize: Matters of judgment Times Literary Supplement, Reprinted October 22 October 2008